Language Specification

This document details the syntactical structure and behavioral constraints of the Equis systems language v0.1.0.

1. Syntax Overview

Equis adopts a C-like syntax utilizing brace-scoped code blocks and strictly terminating statements with semicolons.

1.1 Primitives and Variables

The language utilizes let bindings for scoped mutable locals. Global and transaction bounds are strictly controlled to ensure deterministic execution.

let tx_amount = 1000;
let tx_quantity = 2;

1.2 Fixed-Point Arithmetic

Equis does not implement native floating-point primitives to avoid rounding non-determinism. All decimal values are internally scaled to 64-bit fixed-point integers with a scaling factor of 1,000,000 (allowing 6 decimal digits of precision).

2. REA Constructs

2.1 Agents

Defines entities capable of participating in transactions. Requires the declaration of roles for execution access control.

Agent Custodian roles { "ADMIN" } { 
    id: "Vault_01"; 
    status: "active"; 
}

2.2 Resources

Constructs representations of measurable assets. Requires a unit definition.

Resource Cash { unit: USD; }

2.3 Events and Flows

Events encapsulate state mutations. Every event requires a flow block defining the resource movement between agents.

Event Settlement evaluated_by MarketRate roles { "ADMIN" } {
    logic {
        assert(tx_amount > 0);
    }
    flow {
        out tx_quantity Item from Seller to Buyer;
        in  tx_amount Cash from Buyer to Seller;
    }
}

3. Control Flow

Standard deterministic structures are supported: - if / else block execution. - while loops for bounded iteration. - execute Name { arg: val }; sequence for triggering Events. - reverse Name { arg: val }; for initiating compensation transactions.

4. Standard Interfacing

Interaction with external libraries or foreign C ABIs is achieved via extern fn. These functions operate at the module level and are constrained by the host environment's security defaults.